Absorbantion
The capacity of yarn to absorb water or moisture. Cotton yarns exhibit high absorbency.
43 technical terms
A
Air-Jet Spinning
A modern spinning method in which air jets twist fibers to produce yarn.
B
Boncuklanma (Pilling)
Small fiber balls forming on fabric surface due to friction. Vortex yarns are highly resistant to pilling.
Bükülme (Twist)
The helical structure that holds fibers together. Measured in turns per meter (T/m) or turns per inch (TPI).
D
Denier (Den)
The weight in grams of 9000 meters of yarn. Commonly used fineness unit for synthetic yarns.
Dokuma Kumaş
Fabric type formed by warp and weft yarns crossing at right angles.
E
Elastikiyet
The capacity of yarn to return to its original dimensions after stretching.
Elyaf (Lif)
Basic raw material used in yarn production. Varieties include cotton, polyester, viscose, wool.
F
Filament İplik
Yarn type made from long continuous filaments rather than short staple fibers.
G
GOTS (Global Organic Textile Standard)
The most comprehensive international certification standard for organic textile products.
GRS (Global Recycled Standard)
Global textile certification verifying the use of recycled content.
H
Halkalı Eğirme (Ring Spinning)
The traditional and most common yarn production method. Provides high quality, softness and durability.
K
Karde (Kaba Tarama)
Basic preparation process in which fibers are combed and straightened. Shorter fibers remain compared to combing.
Kopma Mukavemeti
Maximum tensile force that yarn can withstand until breaking.
L
Lif Uzunluğu (Staple Length)
Average length of short-cut (staple) fibers. Directly impacts quality in cotton.
M
Merserizasyon
Chemical treatment applied to cotton yarn with NaOH. Increases luster, strength and dye uptake.
MOQ (Minimum Sipariş Miktarı)
Minimum order quantity accepted by a manufacturer. At Sangzor, MOQ is 5 metric tons/yarn type.
N
Ne (İngiliz Pamuk Numarası)
Most widely used cotton yarn numbering system. Higher Ne = finer yarn.
Neps
Small, tangled fiber knots within yarn or fiber. Measured with Uster systems.
O
OEKO-TEX Standard 100
International certification system proving the absence of harmful substances in textile products.
Open-End (Rotor) Eğirme
Fast and economical yarn production method. Ideal for denim and industrial applications.
P
Pamuk Lifi
Natural cellulose fiber obtained from the boll of the Gossypium plant. Preferred for softness and absorbency.
Penye (İnce Tarama)
Advanced preparation process in which short fibers are removed by combing. Means top quality in ring yarn.
Polyester İplik
Yarn made from chemically produced synthetic fibers; high strength and quick-drying.
R
Ring İplik
Traditional premium yarn produced using the ring-spindle system, in which fibers wrap around each other.
Rotor Eğirme
See Open-End Spinning. Method preferred for high speed and economy.
S
Sertlik
The resistance of yarn to bending. Low-twist yarns are softer, high-twist ones are stiffer.
Slim (İnce Yer)
Irregularity point where yarn cross-section suddenly narrows. Measured with Uster system.
T
Tex
Weight in grams of 1000 meters of yarn. Universal yarn fineness unit.
TPI (İnçte Tur)
Number of twists in one inch of yarn. Higher TPI means harder and more durable yarn.
U
Uster Değerleri
Universal measurement standards for yarn quality. Includes parameters such as CVm%, thin places, thick places, neps.
Uster CVm%
Percentage expression of yarn irregularity (coefficient of variation). Lower value indicates more uniform yarn.
V
Viskoz (Rayon)
Semi-synthetic fiber produced chemically from cellulose. Preferred for softness and silky appearance.
Vortex İplik
Modern yarn produced with Murata® Air Vortex technology. Outstanding for pill resistance and high moisture absorption.
Y
Yün İpliği
Natural protein fiber yarn produced from the wool of sheep, goats or other animals.
Z
Zemin İpliği (Atkı)
Yarn placed in the transverse direction in woven fabric, passed through the warp yarns.
Ç
Çözgü İpliği
Yarn placed in the longitudinal direction in woven fabric, requiring high tensile strength.
Çubukluk (Count)
A numerical value expressing the fineness/thickness of yarn. Measured with systems like Ne, Nm, Tex.
Ö
Örme İpliği
Yarn type optimized for knitted fabric production, usually with lower twist.
İ
İplik Numarası (Ne)
English cotton numbering system. Shows how many 840-yard lengths of yarn weigh 1 pound (453.6 g).
İplik Numarası (Nm)
Metric yarn numbering system. Shows how many meters of yarn weigh 1 gram.
İplik Numarası (Tex)
The weight in grams of 1000 meters of yarn. Higher number indicates thicker yarn.
İplik Özgül Mukavemeti (RKM)
Breaking force per unit linear density of yarn. Expressed in cN/tex or g/tex.
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